Journal: Nature Communications
Article Title: Exercise facilitates post-stroke recovery through mitigation of neuronal hyperexcitability via interleukin-10 signaling
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62631-y
Figure Lengend Snippet: a Quantification of immune cells by flow cytometry 14 days after stroke revealed that exercise significantly reduced brain-infiltrating CD45 high immune cells and CD3 + T cells (* p = 0.04 and ** p = 0.002, two-sided t -test, n = 7–9 animals per group), but had no impact on the count of CD45 high immune cells and CD3 + T cells in cervical lymph nodes (cLN) and spleen. b Exercise did not influence the proportions of CD4 + - and CD8 + -T cells in brain parenchyma, cervical lymph nodes and spleen 14 days after photothrombotic stroke (two-sided t -test, n = 9–12 animals per group). c Exercise increased the proportion of CD25 + CD4 + -and FoxP3 + CD4 + -regulatory T cells in brain parenchyma (* p = 0.04 and p = 0.1, two-sided t -test, n = 9–12 animals per group) and cervical lymph nodes (* p = 0.01, Mann-Whitney-test and ** p = 0.01, two-sided t -test, n = 9–12 animals per group). d The expression of integrin CD49d, which facilitates leukocyte-trafficking into the brain, was upregulated in brain CD4 + -T cells after exercise (* p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney-test, n = 9–12 animals per group), but not in CD4 + -T cells isolated from cervical lymph nodes or spleen. The expression of the activation markers CD69 and CD11a on CD4 + -T cells did not differ in any of the examined compartments. e Exercise led to a significant increase in the proliferation of FoxP3 + CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the brain (* p = 0.04, two-sided t -test, n = 4–5 animals per group). Conversely, the proliferation of FoxP3-CD4 + and CD8 + effector T cells exhibited impairment both in the brain (* p = 0.03, two-sided t -test, n = 4–5 animals per group) and cervical lymph nodes (cLN) (* p = 0.03; ** p = 0.006, two-sided t -test, n = 5–6 animals per group) as determined by Ki67 expression. For box and whisker plots, the box extends from the 25th to the 75th percentile, the center is the median and whiskers extend from the minimum or maximum. Each dot represents an individual biological replicate. Asterisks indicate levels of statistical significance: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. Source data are provided as a file.
Article Snippet: We used the following fluorochrome-labeled antibodies: CD45 (30-11F) BV510 or FITC 1:100, CD45R/B220 (RA3-6B2) PerCP-Cy5.5 1:100, CD3 (17A2) PE-Cy7 1:200, F4/80 (BM8) APC 1:200, Ly-6G/Ly-6C (RB6-8C5) BV421 1:200, CD11c (N418) AF700 1:150, CD11b (M1/70) PE 1:800 all obtained from Biolegend and NK-1.1 and (PK136) APC-Vio770 1:200 obtained from Miltenyi Biotec, and CD3 (145-2C11) 1:200, CD4-Pacific Blue (RM4-4) 1:150, CD8a-FITC (53-6.7) 1:150, CD25-APC (PC61) 1:150, Ki-67 AF647 (B56) 1:200 from BD Biosciences, and FoxP3 (FJK-16s) PE 1:150 from eBioscience.
Techniques: Flow Cytometry, MANN-WHITNEY, Expressing, Isolation, Activation Assay, Whisker Assay